Ancient Egypt
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by Anneke Bart
Ancient Egypt |
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by Anneke Bart
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Kings and Queens 4th dynasty Seneferu, Khufu, Khafre, Menkaure, Djedefre, etc. 11th dynasty Kings named Mentuhotep and Intef 12th dynasty Amenemhet I - IV, Senusret I-III 18th dynasty Amenhotep I-IV, Tuthmosis I-IV, Akhenaten, Tutankhamen, Aye, Horemheb, etc. 19th dynasty Sety I-II, Ramesses I-II, Merenptah, Amenmesses, Tawosret. 20th dynasty Sethnakht, Ramesses III Ramesses IV - XI 25th dynasty Alara, Kashta, Piye, Shabaka, Shabataka, Taharqa, Tanutamun, etc. Cleopatra VII Philopator Old Kingdom Queens (Dyn 1-6) Middle Kingdom Queens (Dyn 11-13) New Kingdom Queens (Dyn 16-20) Officials, Priesthood etc. Viziers (New Kingdom)
High Priests of Amun God's Wives of Amun High Priests of Ptah Viceroys of Nubia Who's who of New Kingdom  Amarna Period Akhenaten
Queen Nefertiti inscriptions Queen Nefertiti. Queen Kiya Smenkhare Tutankhamen Tombs at Amarna Houses at Amarna Tombs: Valley
of the Kings,
Valley of the Queens Theban Tombs, Tombs at Abydos Tombs at El Kab Tombs in Aswan Early dynastic Saqqara New Kingdom Saqqara The Unis Cemetary Mastabas at the Giza Plateau Giza
Mastabas 1000 cemetary
Giza Mastaba 2000 cemetary Giza Mataba 2300 cemetary Giza Mastaba 4000 cemetary Giza Mastaba 5000 cemetary Giza Mastaba 6000 cemetary Giza Mastaba 7000 cemetary Mummy Caches |
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Djedefre  Djedefre - Louvre Museum (8 years, ca 2447 – 2439 BCE) Horus name: Kheper Nebty name: Kheper-em-nebty Golden Falcon name: Biku-nub Nomen: Djedefre (from digitalegypt) Djedefre (Radjedef, Razedef) was a son of Khufu. It is not known who his mother was. The intended heir to the throne during the early part of Khufu's reign was Prince Kawab. Djedefre became the heir after his (older?) brother died. There are stories about that Djedefre killed his brother and then grabbed the throne. There is no evidence for this theory however. It seems that Prince Kawab died during the reign of his father and was buried in a mastaba in Giza. Djedefre does marry his brother's widow Hetepheres II. Interestingly enough the wife knwon from a statue is Queen Khentetenka. Djedefre only reigned for 8 years. Djedefre was succeeded by his brother Khefren. Djedefre was called Ratoises by Manetho. Pyramid: Pyramid at Abu Rowash (Sehedu-Djedefre = Djedefre’s Sunny Sky). Djedefre moved his necropolis from Giza to Abu Rowash. It is not known why he moved away from the necropolis established by his father. The erection of the pyramids of Khefren and Menkaure shows that there was room to build more pyramids when Djedefre ruled.   Two different views of the ruins of Djedefre's pyramid at Abu Rawash. (Photo Jon Bodsworth)  The Satellite pyramid next to Djedefre's pyramid (Photo Jon Bodsworth) Wives:
 Djedefre with Queen Khentetka at his side. Sons:
 Setka, son of Djedefre. Daughters:
Officials
from the time of Djedefre
Not many people are dated specifically to the time of Djedefre, but several people are known to have been at court from the time of Khufu to the time of Khafre and even later. These people must have also served under King Djedefre. Members of the extended royal family likely served the king. Prince Ankhaf Time of Sneferu – Khafre Ankhaf was Vizier under Khafre. Married to a lady called Hetepheres, who is not buried in this mastaba as it only has one burial shaft. Ankhaf and Hetepheres were both children of Seneferu, hence they were (half-) brother and sister. Parents of Ankhaf were Snefru and a minor Queen. G 7510 Prince Minkhaf Temp. Khufu to Khephren. King’s son of his body, Chief Justice and Vizier (of Khephren), etc. Parents, Khufu and possibly Henutsen. Tomb G 7430+7440. Kephren's second Vizier (A History of Ancient Egypt By Nicolas-Christophe Grimal - pg 68) Khufu-khaf I Time of Khufu – Khafre Son of Khufu and Queen Henutsen. Served as Vizier (probably of Khufu). Some have speculated that Khufu-khaf is Khafre, but this is uncertain. Tomb G 7130 and 7140. Married to Nefertkau II and possibly the father of Khufukhaf II. Daughter: king’s daughter [Nefret?]-ka. Sons: Wet-ka, and Iun-ka. Khemtnu Titles: King’s wab-priest, Prophet of Khufu, Steward of Kawab, Hetepheres II and Meresankh III, etc. Temp. Khufu to end of Dyn. 4 or early Dyn. 5. It's hard to say if Khemtnu was a steward to Kawab, Hetepheres and Meresankh or if he served as a steward in their cult. If he did personally serve the royal family, he is one of very few palace officials known to us. Buried in G 5210. Akhethotep Titles: Prophet of Khufu, Sole companion, Director of the Palace, etc., Akhethotep was married to Princess Meritiotes, who had the titles King’s daughter of his body, Prophetess of Khufu, Hathor, and Neith, etc. Akhethotep and Meritiotes likely date to the time period from Khufu to Khephren. Meritiotes was likely the daughter of Khufu and Queen Meritiotes I. Akhethotep and his wife were buried in G 7650. Nefermaat II Time of Seneferu – Khufu/Khephren? King’s son, Hereditary prince, Overlord of Nekheb, etc. (Vizier of Khephren.) Buried in G 7060 Son of Nefertkau I (G7050) and grandson of Seneferu. Seneferu-khaf Son of the Vizier Nefermaat II and great-grandson of Seneferu. Sneferu-khaf may have lived into the ealry 5th dynasty. Treasurer of the King of Lower Egypt, Herdsman of Apis, etc.Tomb G 7070 Nesutpaneter - Dates to the time of Radjedef to Sahure. Buried in the Central field at Giza. A lintel in the tomb mentions Radjedef, Khafre, Menkaure, Shepseskaf, Userkaf and Sahure. No titles available for this indvidual. References: Dodson, Hilton The Complete Royal Families of Ancient Egypt, London 2004 N-C. Grimal, A History of Ancient Egypt Porter and Moss, Topographical Bibliography of Ancient Egyptian Hieroglyphic Texts, Reliefs, and Paintings; Part III; Download from Gizapyramids.org Topographical
Bibliography of Ancient Egyptian Hieroglyphic Texts, Statues, Reliefs
and PaintingsVolume VIII, Parts 1 and
2: Objects of Provenance Not Known: Statues Online Version
(April 2008)
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Comments: email barta@slu.edu |