In-class Demonstration: Inverses

By Russell Blyth

restart: with(LinearAlgebra):

We start with a random 3 x 3 matrix.

A:= RandomMatrix(3,3,generator=rand(-3..3));

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Our task is to find the inverse of the matrix A.

The equation Y = AX computes Y given X. We need to compute X given Y. Define a general Y, and solve for X:

Y := Vector(3,<y1,y2,y3>); AugA := <A|Y>; RedA := ReducedRowEchelonForm(AugA);

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Next we extract the expression for X in terms of Y

Xvec := DeleteColumn(RedA,1..3);

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y1vec := eval(Xvec,{y1=1,y2=0,y3=0}); y2vec := eval(Xvec,{y1=0,y2=1,y3=0}); y3vec := eval(Xvec,{y1=0,y2=0,y3=1});

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Thus Xvec = y1*y1vec + y2*y2vec + y3*y3vec. If we make a matrix with y1vec, y2vec, y3vec as the columns, then y1, y2 and y3 are the coefficients of the linear combination giving X. We write this as BY, where

B := <y1vec | y2vec | y3vec>;

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

Check:

B.Y;

NiQtSSVtcm93RzYjL0krbW9kdWxlbmFtZUc2IkksVHlwZXNldHRpbmdHSShfc3lzbGliR0YoNiUtSSNtb0dGJTYzUSJbRigvJSVmb3JtR1EncHJlZml4RigvJSZmZW5jZUdRJXRydWVGKC8lKnNlcGFyYXRvckdRJmZhbHNlRigvJSdsc3BhY2VHUS50aGlubWF0aHNwYWNlRigvJSdyc3BhY2VHRjsvJSlzdHJldGNoeUdGNS8lKnN5bW1ldHJpY0dGOC8lKG1heHNpemVHUSlpbmZpbml0eUYoLyUobWluc2l6ZUdRIjFGKC8lKGxhcmdlb3BHRjgvJS5tb3ZhYmxlbGltaXRzR0Y4LyUnYWNjZW50R0Y4LyUwZm9udF9zdHlsZV9uYW1lR1EqMkR+T3V0cHV0RigvJSVzaXplR1EjMTJGKC8lK2ZvcmVncm91bmRHUSpbMCwwLDI1NV1GKC8lK2JhY2tncm91bmRHUS5bMjU1LDI1NSwyNTVdRigtRiQ2Iy1JJ210YWJsZUdGJTYlLUkkbXRyR0YlNiMtSSRtdGRHRiU2Iy1GJDYnLUkjbWlHRiU2OVEjeTFGKC8lJ2ZhbWlseUdRMFRpbWVzfk5ld35Sb21hbkYoLyUlc2l6ZUdGUy8lJWJvbGRHRjgvJSdpdGFsaWNHRjUvJSp1bmRlcmxpbmVHRjgvJSpzdWJzY3JpcHRHRjgvJSxzdXBlcnNjcmlwdEdGOC8lK2ZvcmVncm91bmRHRlYvJStiYWNrZ3JvdW5kR0ZZLyUnb3BhcXVlR0Y4LyUrZXhlY3V0YWJsZUdGOC8lKXJlYWRvbmx5R0Y1LyUpY29tcG9zZWRHRjgvJSpjb252ZXJ0ZWRHRjgvJStpbXNlbGVjdGVkR0Y4LyUscGxhY2Vob2xkZXJHRjgvJTBmb250X3N0eWxlX25hbWVHRlAvJSptYXRoY29sb3JHRlYvJS9tYXRoYmFja2dyb3VuZEdGWS8lK2ZvbnRmYW1pbHlHRmdvLyUsbWF0aHZhcmlhbnRHUSdpdGFsaWNGKC8lKW1hdGhzaXplR0ZTLUYtNjNRIitGKC9GMVEmaW5maXhGKC9GNEY4RjYvRjpRMG1lZGl1bW1hdGhzcGFjZUYoL0Y9RmpyL0Y/RjhGQEZCRkVGSEZKRkxGTkZRRlRGVy1GJDYlLUkmbWZyYWNHRiU2Ki1JI21uR0YlNjlRIjNGKEZlb0Zob0Zqby9GXXBGOEZecEZgcEZicEZkcEZmcEZocEZqcEZccUZecUZgcUZicUZkcUZmcUZocUZqcUZcci9GX3JRJ25vcm1hbEYoRmFyLUZjczY5USIyRihGZW9GaG9Gam9GZnNGXnBGYHBGYnBGZHBGZnBGaHBGanBGXHFGXnFGYHFGYnFGZHFGZnFGaHFGanFGXHJGZ3NGYXIvJS5saW5ldGhpY2tuZXNzR1EiMUYoLyUrZGVub21hbGlnbkdRJ2NlbnRlckYoLyUpbnVtYWxpZ25HRmF0LyUpYmV2ZWxsZWRHRjhGVEZXLUYtNjNRMSZJbnZpc2libGVUaW1lcztGKEZmckZockY2L0Y6USQwZW1GKC9GPUZqdEZcc0ZARkJGRUZIRkpGTEZORlFGVEZXLUYkNiMtRmJvNjlRI3kzRihGZW9GaG9Gam9GXHBGXnBGYHBGYnBGZHBGZnBGaHBGanBGXHFGXnFGYHFGYnFGZHFGZnFGaHFGanFGXHJGXnJGYXItRi02M1EoJm1pbnVzO0YoRmZyRmhyRjZGaXJGW3NGXHNGQEZCRkVGSEZKRkxGTkZRRlRGVy1GJDYlRl9zRmZ0LUYkNiMtRmJvNjlRI3kyRihGZW9GaG9Gam9GXHBGXnBGYHBGYnBGZHBGZnBGaHBGanBGXHFGXnFGYHFGYnFGZHFGZnFGaHFGanFGXHJGXnJGYXItRmpuNiMtRl1vNiMtRiQ2Jy1GJDYlRmJzRmZ0Rmh1RmF1LUYkNiVGaXNGZnRGYW9GYXUtRiQ2JS1GY3M2OVEiNEYoRmVvRmhvRmpvRmZzRl5wRmBwRmJwRmRwRmZwRmhwRmpwRlxxRl5xRmBxRmJxRmRxRmZxRmhxRmpxRlxyRmdzRmFyRmZ0Rl51LUZqbjYjLUZdbzYjLUYkNictRiQ2JS1GYHM2Ki1GY3M2OVEiN0YoRmVvRmhvRmpvRmZzRl5wRmBwRmJwRmRwRmZwRmhwRmpwRlxxRl5xRmBxRmJxRmRxRmZxRmhxRmpxRlxyRmdzRmFyRmlzRlx0Rl90RmJ0RmR0RlRGV0ZmdEZcdUZjckZjdkZhdS1GJDYlLUZgczYqLUZjczY5USI1RihGZW9GaG9Gam9GZnNGXnBGYHBGYnBGZHBGZnBGaHBGanBGXHFGXnFGYHFGYnFGZHFGZnFGaHFGanFGXHJGZ3NGYXJGaXNGXHRGX3RGYnRGZHRGVEZXRmZ0RmZ1LUYtNjNRIl1GKC9GMVEocG9zdGZpeEYoRjNGNkY5L0Y9UTJ2ZXJ5dGhpbm1hdGhzcGFjZUYoRj5GQEZCRkVGSEZKRkxGTkZRRlRGVzcjLV9GKUksbXByaW50c2xhc2hHRig2JDcjLUknUlRBQkxFR0YoNiUiKF8mcEgtSSdNQVRSSVhHRig2IzclNyMsKEkjeTFHRigiIiIqJiMiIiQiIiNGZnlJI3kzR0YoRmZ5RmZ5KiZGaHlGZnlJI3kyR0YoRmZ5ISIiNyMsKComRml5RmZ5Rl16RmZ5RmZ5KiZGanlGZnlGZXlGZnlGXnoqJiIiJUZmeUZbekZmeUZeejcjLCgqJiMiIihGanlGZnlGW3pGZnlGZnlGYnpGZnkqJiMiIiZGanlGZnlGXXpGZnlGXnomSSdWZWN0b3JHNiQlKnByb3RlY3RlZEdGKjYjSSdjb2x1bW5HRig3Iy1GXVtsNiMvSSQlaWRHRihGXnk=

This is just the transpose of Xvec. Thus X = BY. B is the inverse of A!

Check the products AB and BA:

A.B; B.A;

Note the first column of B arises from solving AX = 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; the second column from solving AX =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 and the third column from solving AX = 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. These three systems may be solved simultaneously, by finding the reduced row echelon form of the matrix [A,I]

I3 := IdentityMatrix(3); BigA := <A | I3>; RedBigA := ReducedRowEchelonForm(BigA);

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

NiQtSSVtcm93RzYjL0krbW9kdWxlbmFtZUc2IkksVHlwZXNldHRpbmdHSShfc3lzbGliR0YoNiUtSSNtaUdGJTY5USVCaWdBRigvJSdmYW1pbHlHUTBUaW1lc35OZXd+Um9tYW5GKC8lJXNpemVHUSMxMkYoLyUlYm9sZEdRJmZhbHNlRigvJSdpdGFsaWNHUSV0cnVlRigvJSp1bmRlcmxpbmVHRjgvJSpzdWJzY3JpcHRHRjgvJSxzdXBlcnNjcmlwdEdGOC8lK2ZvcmVncm91bmRHUSpbMCwwLDI1NV1GKC8lK2JhY2tncm91bmRHUS5bMjU1LDI1NSwyNTVdRigvJSdvcGFxdWVHRjgvJStleGVjdXRhYmxlR0Y4LyUpcmVhZG9ubHlHRjsvJSljb21wb3NlZEdGOC8lKmNvbnZlcnRlZEdGOC8lK2ltc2VsZWN0ZWRHRjgvJSxwbGFjZWhvbGRlckdGOC8lMGZvbnRfc3R5bGVfbmFtZUdRKjJEfk91dHB1dEYoLyUqbWF0aGNvbG9yR0ZELyUvbWF0aGJhY2tncm91bmRHRkcvJStmb250ZmFtaWx5R0YyLyUsbWF0aHZhcmlhbnRHUSdpdGFsaWNGKC8lKW1hdGhzaXplR0Y1LUkjbW9HRiU2M1EjOj1GKC8lJWZvcm1HUSZpbmZpeEYoLyUmZmVuY2VHRjgvJSpzZXBhcmF0b3JHRjgvJSdsc3BhY2VHUS90aGlja21hdGhzcGFjZUYoLyUncnNwYWNlR0ZbcC8lKXN0cmV0Y2h5R0Y4LyUqc3ltbWV0cmljR0Y4LyUobWF4c2l6ZUdRKWluZmluaXR5RigvJShtaW5zaXplR1EiMUYoLyUobGFyZ2VvcEdGOC8lLm1vdmFibGVsaW1pdHNHRjgvJSdhY2NlbnRHRjgvJTBmb250X3N0eWxlX25hbWVHRlgvJSVzaXplR0Y1LyUrZm9yZWdyb3VuZEdGRC8lK2JhY2tncm91bmRHRkctRiQ2JS1GX282M1EiW0YoL0Zjb1EncHJlZml4RigvRmZvRjtGZ28vRmpvUS50aGlubWF0aHNwYWNlRigvRl1wRl9yL0ZfcEY7RmBwRmJwRmVwRmhwRmpwRlxxRl5xRmBxRmJxRmRxLUYkNiMtSSdtdGFibGVHRiU2JS1JJG10ckdGJTYoLUkkbXRkR0YlNiMtSSNtbkdGJTY5RmdwRjBGM0Y2L0Y6RjhGPEY+RkBGQkZFRkhGSkZMRk5GUEZSRlRGVkZZRmVuRmduL0ZqblEnbm9ybWFsRihGXG8tRltzNiMtRl5zNjlRIjNGKEYwRjNGNkZgc0Y8Rj5GQEZCRkVGSEZKRkxGTkZQRlJGVEZWRllGZW5GZ25GYXNGXG9GY3NGanItRltzNiMtRl5zNjlRIjBGKEYwRjNGNkZgc0Y8Rj5GQEZCRkVGSEZKRkxGTkZQRlJGVEZWRllGZW5GZ25GYXNGXG9GaHMtRmhyNigtRltzNiMtRl5zNjlRKSZtaW51czsyRihGMEYzRjZGYHNGPEY+RkBGQkZFRkhGSkZMRk5GUEZSRlRGVkZZRmVuRmduRmFzRlxvRmpyLUZbczYjLUZeczY5USIyRihGMEYzRjZGYHNGPEY+RkBGQkZFRkhGSkZMRk5GUEZSRlRGVkZZRmVuRmduRmFzRlxvRmhzRmpyRmhzLUZocjYoRl90LUZbczYjLUZeczY5USkmbWludXM7MUYoRjBGM0Y2RmBzRjxGPkZARkJGRUZIRkpGTEZORlBGUkZURlZGWUZlbkZnbkZhc0Zcb0Zoc0Zoc0Zoc0Zqci1GX282M1EiXUYoL0Zjb1EocG9zdGZpeEYoRl1yRmdvRl5yL0ZdcFEydmVyeXRoaW5tYXRoc3BhY2VGKEZhckZgcEZicEZlcEZocEZqcEZccUZecUZgcUZicUZkcTcjLV9GKUksbXByaW50c2xhc2hHRig2JDcjPkklQmlnQUdGKC1JJ1JUQUJMRUdGKDYlIigza0ElLUknTUFUUklYR0YoNiM3JTcoIiIiIiIkRml2Rmh2IiIhRmp2NyghIiNGaHYiIiNGanZGaHZGanY3KEZcdyEiIkZqdkZqdkZqdkZodkknTWF0cml4RzYkJSpwcm90ZWN0ZWRHRio3Iy1GYHc2Iy9JJCVpZEdGKEZidg==

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

Note the final three columns are precisely the inverse matrix B.

Maple computes matrix inverses directly:

A^(-1);

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